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第8部分(第1页)

resistant[rizist?nt]a。 抵抗的,有抵抗力的;抗…的

搭配 drought…resistant crops 抗旱作物;be resistant to 对…有抵抗力;acid…resistant 抗酸的

例句 1。 Those minerals that are resistant to melting are the main elements in the solar nebula。 那些不会融化的矿物是构成太阳星云的主要元素。

2。 Genetic engineering might provide a partial solution by going on to develop new strains of drought…resistant crops。 通过继续研究新的抗旱作物品种,基因工程会提供一个片面的解决方法。

3。 Scientists found a phenomenon that a lot of damaging insects were resistant to pesticide。 科学家们发现一个现象,许多害虫对杀虫剂具有抵抗力。

retreat[ritri:t]v。 退却;向后退 n。 撤退;退隐处

搭配 mountain retreat 山间隐居所

例句 Facing this situation; the tribe and its leader had to abandon their lands; retreating to Canada。 面对这样的情况,该部落及其首领不得不放弃他们的土地,撤退到加拿大。

同义 withdrew(v。 撤退)

rhythm[rie?m]n。 节奏,韵律

搭配 heart rhythm 心率

例句 The timing and rhythms of biological functions must closely match the periodic events such as the solar day; the tides; the lunar cycle; and the seasons。 生物功能的时机和节奏必须与周期性事件密切匹配,比如太阳日、潮汐、月运周期,以及季节交替这样的事件。

rival[raivl]v。 与…相匹敌;竞争 n。 对手

例句 1。 On one hand; coal gas rivaled smoky oil lamps and flickering candles; on the other hand; early in the new century; well…to…do Londoners grew accustomed to gaslit houses and even streets。 一方面,煤气可以与烟雾缭绕的油灯和光亮微弱的蜡烛竞争;另一方面,在新世纪初期,富裕的伦敦人开始习惯于用煤气灯照明的房屋甚至是街道。

2。 Several factors might account for the extraordinary development of this place; involving its location; rich natural resources; irrigation potential; intelligent elites; and the misfortune of the rival munities。 一些因素也许可以解释这个地方的大力发展,包括其地理位置、丰富的自然资源、灌溉潜力、聪明的精英以及与之竞争的群体的不幸。

同义 parative(n。 竞争对手)

rolling[rouli?]a。 起伏的;周而复始的

搭配 rolling hills 绵延起伏的群山

例句 What initially surprised us is that many of their cities were not built next to the rivers but on high terrain in rolling uplands。 最初让我们惊讶的地方在于他们的许多城市不是建在河边,而是在绵延起伏的高地之上。

runoff[r?n?f]n。 决赛;径流;流走的东西

搭配 urban runoff 城市径流

例句 1。 Two types of flow features were seen: those are runoff channels and outflow channels。 一共可以看到两种流动特征:那就是径流渠道和流出渠道。

2。 These scenarios start with planting certain species of plants to treat the pond contaminated by runoff。 这些方案从种植特定的植物开始,以处理被径流污染过的池塘。

salinity[s?lin?ti]n。 盐分;盐度;海水的高含盐量

搭配 absolute salinity 绝对盐度

例句 Evaporation causes the increase of salinity and results in the scarcity of freshwater。 蒸发导致盐度上升,进而造成了淡水的缺乏。

sap[s?p]n。 树液,汁液;元气

例句 Spartina is particularly tolerant of high salinities for its salt glands on the surface of leaves can remove the salt from the plant sap。 大米草科植物特别能够忍耐高盐度,因为其树叶表面的盐腺可以去除植物液汁中的盐分。

同义 fluid(n。 汁液)

要点 在托福阅读文章中,植物的汁液通常都用sap表示,但sap也可以表示“元气”。

saturate[s???reit]v。 使湿透;使饱和

搭配 saturated zone 饱和带

例句 1。 The total volume of water in the saturated sample must be looked as consisting of water that can; or cannot; drain away。 饱和样本的全部含水量必须被看作含有能排尽的和不能排尽的水。

2。 The ocean can saturate the atmosphere with water。 海洋可以使大气层充满水分。

scarce[skers]a。 缺乏的;稀有的,罕见的

例句 1。 These scarce natural resources are now located in the Guatemalan and Mexican highlands。 如今,这些稀有的自然资源位于危地马拉和墨西哥的高地地区。

2。 Watches and clocks were scarce in the United States and people didnt have chance to own them until the late 1850s。 以前钟表在美国是很少见的,直到19世纪50年代末期,人们才有机会拥有钟表。

要点 scarce在托福阅读文章中主要表示“稀有的”这一含义,而scarce的副词形式scarcely意为“几乎不”,表达否定含义。

scatter[sk?t?r]v。 分散,驱散;撒播

例句 During the midnight on February 8; 1969; a large; bright meteor entered Earths atmosphere and broke into thousands of pieces; plummeted to the ground and scattered。 1969年2月8日午夜,一颗巨大而明亮的流星进入了地球大气层,碎成了千万个碎片后散落到地上。

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